CHAPTER
ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1
Background to the Study
Crime has become one of the greatest obstacles to
the better realization of democratic governance and the much acclaimed
millennium development goals (MDGs) in Nigeria.
The country is being bedevilled by all forms of
crime, which range from simple acts of thefts, burglary and verbal assault to
serious acts of robbery, economic and financial crime ethnic and religious
disturbance “cultism and sexual harassment in institutions of learning youths
restiveness and trafficking of human beings.
All the segments of the population in Nigeria,
including the elites and the youths, at one point or another commit these
criminal acts. Both rural and urban cities have suffered from these undesirable
activities the degree of the crime rate has gone far beyond the tolerance limit
of the safety and has consequently attained disturbing dimensions to the extent
that social economic and political activities are seriously attached, given
this situation academic government and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) as
well as the international community have sought an understanding of the various
dimension of the phenomenon including its level manifestation causes and
implications for all segment of the societies.
These efforts have been with the singular desire of
devising appropriate strategies towards the effective management of the
problems, however, this study has focused on the effect of communication on trafficking
in human commodities.
In some selected states in Nigeria, its aim was to
measure the problems of human trafficking in terms of the attributes of the
rectums, the pattern of human flow, and the casual factors. The specific
objectives were to discovers the socio-economic attributes of victims of human
trafficking determines the pattern of flow establish the underlying factors,
and make appropriate recommendation towards curbing human trafficking in
Nigeria.
In 1995, as at the time of the bulging conference
the issue of human trafficking was not regarded as an issue of concern for
Africans it was a problem considered as the Asian and Latin American people the
unfolding events since the almost ten years that human trafficking is rife in
the countries has been found to be source, transit and destination country for
the crime of human trafficking.
In West African, the incident of human trafficking
in women and children were dated as far back as the 1960s. However, the
significant public recognition and focus on issue only come since the mid-70s.
Although there are no exact figures and data on the number of trafficking victims,
there are indicators to show that the trend is assuming an alarming rate in the
sub-regions. One of such indicators is the growing population of women and
children particularly children in the West African city centre and European
countries as a result of urban migration and illegal trans-border migration
with exploitative labour.
The challenges of searching for a sustainable
solution to the menace of human trafficking and child labour led to the
decisions by the radio broadcasting stations to commission this as part of
their programmes.
Records show that over 400,000 children work in
Benin and approximately 625,000 children from Cote D’ivoire are in labour. Most
of the children are under the ages of 15 years.
According to research carried out, it has found that
a large percentage of these children in labour are trafficked victim. The
violence are spelled out sanction against those who engage in slavery and laid
down procedure for victims’ restitution. The daily champion of 12 July, 2002
reported than 80% of foreign prostitution in Italy were Nigerian women.
Nigerian was categorized in tier 2 of the
trafficking in person’s country list for 2001 compelled by the United State
government and the transparency international. The tier lists states that do
not meet minimum standards of combating human trafficking, but are making
efforts to do so.
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