CHAPTER
ONE
1.0 Introduction
1.2 Background to the Study
Repositioning of women has become issue of
study and it has received the attention of UNESCO (1975-1985), “Toward Equality
under the UN Decade for women in Africa, Asia, Latin and South American”, have
brought women issues such as unequal job opportunities, cultural barriers, low
economic and political empowerment and human
right abuses.
Some Nigerians have established Non-Governmental
Organization (NGOs) such as women in Nigeria (WIN), Gender Resource Network
(GRN), and Gender and Development Action (GADA). Since it has been noticed that
women are object of discrimination, all these was established to advance the
needs of Nigerian women by calling for the abolition of obnoxious cultural
practices that have placed women at the background making their participation
in both social, political and economic activities ineffective.
The position of women in the society and
our different cultures makes the men and the society at large discriminate
against women journalists. According to Hananiya (2004), she says that “the
general view about the women was always conceived within the context of the
home.
It was
that of child bearing and carrying out home functions only”. Because of this
view about women, the concept of a women practicing journalism or making a
choice to practice journalism was considered rebellious and unfeminine.
The
obsolete ideas about women’s place in the society still tell on their position
in the media houses and journalism filed. Uzochukwu (2008:72) says “Women also
have problems of time, given their multiple roles and heavy domestic
responsibilities” Traditional cultural attitudes in most societies also
discriminate against women having access to education.
This can
also discourage them in the practice of journalism as girls are encouraged to
get married and become house wives or encouraged to take up any other job which
gives them more time and makes them responsible house wives than their journalism profession.
There is
also the issue of gender bias in attitude towards women studying journalism or
using information technology as many people hold the views that women cannot
think or work scientifically.
It is not a hidden fact that women are under-represented
in the filed of journalism. This maybe because of the discrimination or the
basic assumption that “a woman’s responsibilities should be her sole priority”,
thereby undermining her active participation and performance in the practice of
journalism.
The issue
of gender bias too, contribute enormously to the low participation of women in
journalism. Another assumption militating against female participation
according to Amao (1999), is that “female sex is biologically not designed for
energy exerting, hazardous occupation and long hours filed assignment”.
Supporting this, Beverly (1995) notes that the society assumes
that “women should be mothers, school teachers, hairdressers, secretaries,
maids, and social workers only”. Therefore they do not need education or
training in other fields like journalism.
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